Mark Reinhold added a comment - 2005-03-22 16:00 BT2:EVALUATION There is no unmap() method on mapped byte buffers because there is no known technique for providing one without running into insurmountable security and performance issues. Suppose that a thread operating on behalf of Alice maps a file into memory and then unmaps it. A second thread operating on behalf of Bob then maps some other file that the underlying operating system happens to assign to the same memory address. Now Alice's thread can read, and possibly even modify, the contents of Bob's file. Oops. This problem could be avoided by defining a private volatile field in a mapped buffer to indicate whether or not the mapping is still valid, and having every access to the buffer's content first check this field and throw an appropriate exception if the mapping is no longer valid. This solution would significantly slow down access, however, and fast access is the whole point of supporting mapped buffers in the first place. Another potential solution is to implement unmap() by unmapping the buffer's memory region and then immediately remapping it from /dev/null, setting the page protections so that any further access to the region would cause a SIGSEGV (or the equivalent) to be raised and then translated into an appropriate Java-level exception. The remapped region would need to remain valid for as long as the original buffer object is valid, eventually being released by the cleaner thread. This solution therefore wouldn't reduce virtual-memory footprint but it would at least allow the underlying file to be manipulated on those operating systems (e.g., Windows) that forbid certain file manipulations when valid mappings exist. To avoid the race condition between the unmap and remap operations we'd need to globally synchronize all mapping operations within the same VM; this could, theoretically, limit scalability on some higher-end systems. The downfall of this second approach is that while we can avoid this race condition within the VM we can't avoid it everywhere within the VM's process. Memory-mapped files are pretty widely used these days, by everything from C's stdio functions (on some systems) to dynamic linkers (on most Unix systems). If a mapping operation were initiated by one of these subsystems, or by native application code (perhaps unknowingly, via an intermediate library), at just the wrong moment, and it happened to overlap our soon-to-be-remapped region, then the remap operation would fail. We at Sun have given this problem a lot of thought, both during the original development of NIO and in the time since. We have yet to come up with a way to implement an unmap() method that's safe, efficient, and plausibly portable across operating systems. We've explored several other alternatives aside from the two described above, but all of them were even more problematic. We'd be thrilled if someone could come up with a workable solution, so we'll leave this bug open in the hope that it will attract attention from someone more clever than we are. With regard to the "workaround", described in the JDC comments, of (ab)using reflection in order to invoke a mapped buffer's cleaner object: This is highly inadvisable, to put it mildly. It is exceedingly dangerous to forcibly unmap a mapped byte buffer that's visible to Java code. Doing so risks both the security and stability of the system. ###@###.### 2005-03-23 02:41:14 GMT

Alan Bateman added a comment - 2006-05-24 03:08 BT2:EVALUATION -- (2005-05-24) In mustang b86 there is a small update that may provide some interim relief for cases where the map method currently fails due to a resource issue. The bugID for this work is 6417205.

Andrew Haley added a comment - 2015-09-07 09:52 http://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/core-libs-dev/2015-September/035055.html "I have two suggested fixes: "1. Have an unmap method that throws if a SecurityManager is present. Non-secure code that owns its own JVM (i.e. nearly all of it) would then be able to unmap files and delete them on Windows. Sandboxed code would still suffer, but OK, so be it. "2. Have an internal subclass or wrapper object around MappedByteBuffer that is only used when a SecurityManager is present, which does the check against the volatile field. The JVM should optimise out the virtual method call or inline the wrapper code, thus ensuring only sandboxed code pays the cost."